Research proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Exploration Proposal Example As an ideal way to deal with revelation and learning, interdisciplinary methodology has figured out how to convey a ton and guarantees a more noteworthy practical encompassing, which is more advantageous and with progressively rich lives. This is lined up with new types of revelations along with innovation planned for motivating the youthful personalities and getting a more profound idea in regards to our situation in space, and time (Denning). The significance of utilizing an interdisciplinary methodology in handling the issue of acquainting PC programming with secondary school understudies is that the methodology empowers the one to draw qualities and different ordnance of apparatuses realized from different orders. Likewise the part of concentrating on various controls empowers a person to widen their writing establishment, subsequently offering ascend to the first hypothetical inevitable. Also, interdisciplinary is along these lines, reflexive in nature (Tait, and Catherine). PC Programming holds different controls including software engineering. Software engineering endeavors to address issues managing regular and fake data forms however the key exertion is centered around the human made practices especially data frameworks and apparatuses. Much information in regards to the PC concerns incorporate the computerized PCs and the rules that encompasses it incorporates, programming and software engineering planning. Presenting such trains at secondary school level will place understudies at a superior situation in the worldwide market. This order under PC programming will empower understudies have united cognizance (Anold and Mabel). Delicate product building is likewise an order in PC programming subject. Thus under this order, understudies ought to be in pairing to get that, keeping close the task extension is exceptionally huge in building up an item. Subsequently, this makes a difference

Learn a Popular, Demanding French Idiom

Get familiar with a Popular, Demanding French Idiom The French action word demander intends to ask and is utilized in numerous informal articulations. Figure out how to apologize, request leniency, marvel and more with this rundown of articulations usingâ demander. Demanderâ is a normal - er action word and takes ordinary (great) endings for its tenses.â One successive mix-up that English speakers make when utilizing this action word is demander une question. This development doesnt exist in French. Rather, you would state fake une question. In any case, somebody can ask why: Il mama demandã © pourquoi (He asked me why). And you can approach somebody for something: Je vais demander un stylo Michel (Im going to approach Michel for a pen). The Many Meanings of Demander to askto request, requestto apply forto require, needto send for Regular French Expressions With Demander demander de laideto request help, help demander associate et assistanceto (officially) demand aiddemander parler quelquunto request to address someonedemander quelquun de infinitiveto request that somebody do somethingdemander voir quelquunto request to see someonedemander le divorceto apply for divorcedemander grã ¢ceto request mercydemander limpossibleto request the impossibledemander la luneto request the moondemander pardon quelquunto apologize to someonedemander la paroleto request consent to speakdemander une authorization (military)to demand leavedemander la authorization de infinitiveto request consent to infinitivedemander une questiondemander un administration/une faveur quelquunto solicit some help from someonese demanderto wonder, to ask oneselfse demander bien pourquoito not have the option to make sense of why; to ask yourself whyCela ne se demande pas !Thats a moronic question!Il est parti sans demander child reste.He left without a murmur.Que demande le peuple ?What more would you be able to ask for?J e ne demande qu vous voir.All I ask is to see you. Je ne demande pas mieux que infinitiveI request just to infinitiveune demanderequest, guarantee, applicationun demandeurplaintiff, solicitor, callerdemandã © (adj)in request, looked for after

Use of Science in Frankenstein and Present Day Society essays

Utilization of Science in Frankenstein and Present Day Society papers In our present reality, science assumes a fundamental job in a wide range of viewpoints. Science is significant in jobs, for example, supporting the wiped out, and discovering fixes. Albeit numerous individuals accept science can just well for society, there are numerous ways science can be answerable for negative results. In the movie, Frankenstein, chief James Whale shows how a few parts of science, one being the formation of life, can have destructive outcomes. In our reality, such models as cloning and atomic vitality additionally bring up issues about hurtful outcomes. In the field of science, numerous manifestations or thoughts have awful results in their completed items. In Frankenstein, Dr. Henry Frankenstein utilizes science to endeavor to effectively make an ideal individual. Unintentionally, his associate takes a criminal cerebrum rather than a typical mind. Ignorant of the error, Henry proceeds with his creation. At the point when he is first enlivened, he is by all accounts innocuous, appears to listen well, and appears as though he is an ideal creation. Not long after, notwithstanding, he starts to see numerous things amiss with him. After he discovers however that his creation turned out faulty, things started to turn awful. He was uneducated, insubordinate, and damaging. A scene that epitomizes this is the point at which the beast is playing by the lake with the young lady. The young lady shows the beast how the blossoms skim. After she illustrates, the beast makes a bloom glide, and gets intrigued. From watching the bloom, the beast at that point endeavors to toss the young lady into the lake, accepting she will coast too, be that as it may, she can't swim, and winds up suffocating. Since he was not taught, he didn't know that all items don't glide. The beast, amusingly, additionally nearly executed his maker, Dr. Frankenstein, which is likewise a dread of science in out society today. In todays world, science assumes such a fundamental job. Science helps and advances the field of wellbeing massively, by fi... <!

Narrative Essay Topics for Grade 7 - Overview

Narrative Essay Topics for Grade 7 - Overview Narrative Essay Topics for Grade 7 Options The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the majority of our clients require is essay writing. Once you get your completed essay, make sure you tell all your friends what an excellent service it is and what's the ideal place to purchase cheap essays. There's no need to discover extraordinary stories to compose a narrative essay that's interesting to read. You may also pick any latest research work that's somewhat controversial to allure the readers to compose argumentative essay. Narrative essays can be an enjoyable challenge if you're an excellent storyteller. A narrative essay is a part of writing that is written from the very first person perspective. What instantly makes the personal narrative essay stick out from the other essay types is the fact that it is written in the very first individual. Writing narrative essay is thought to be the simplest and most entertaining sort of essay to construct. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. Don't hesitate to refer to the appropriate writing tools required to continue to keep your essay attractive. An essay should have a thesis or main proposition. Argumentative essays are usually longer than other essay forms and have to incorporate the thesis in the very first paragraph, together with cogent explanations for why the reader should care about the thesis statement. There are various kinds of article writing. To earn a story interesting, the author can add some fun bits but the the heart of the post shouldn't be altered in the approach. Each idea needs to be marked off with a little sentence and set in the writing list. Although you may make a normal story sound spectacular using the perfect words and the suitable technique, more than often the topic receives the credit for a valuable bit of work. After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. Write about a time once you got prepared to leave your house, loved ones, and everything you knew for some amazing new adventure. Attempt to keep it entertaining because most of us understand that nobody would like to read a boring story. It's better to write and share your individual stories with different individuals. Lies You've Been Told About Narrative Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students lead busy lives and frequently forge t about an approaching deadline. Some students utilize the very first idea which arrives in their head and work on it, but the outcome isn't successful. Every student demands help with homework from time to time. Upcoming college students may also be requested to compose a college essay for a part of their very first requirements. Stories about traveling have an outstanding potential. Friends are an important portion of your life and you'll remember a lot about them even if you are gone. There's, clearly, a limit on the range of pages even our very best writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but generally, we can satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. There are many distinct kinds of items that you could go detecting for. Discrimination Mode' is included to take out the detection of unwanted metals like iron. It's tricky to pick just 1 topic whenever there are so many you could write about. A personal narrative essay must be engaging, meaning you must include superior ideas with the essential points of information. Writing a great narrative essay is dependent mostly on the subject you chose. It is better to compose an essay about a certain event in your life rather than simply describing a time-period generally speaking. A narrative essay is permissive in terms of selecting the topic. When you select the essay topics, think if you're able to say something interesting through it. As soon as you've chosen a narrative subject, you're prepared to get started writing your essay! Picking the topic for your essay might be the hardest part.

Gender Discrimination And The Workplace - 2876 Words

In today’s society, we are faced with many challenges in the workforce. It can be as simple as the initial trial of finding a job, or getting along with our coworkers. Not many individuals are jumping at the opportunity to complain about work, since our economy is continuously going through up’s and down’s as is. Once we finish our education and are out in the â€Å"real world†, our expectations conclude that people have reached maturity, and that stereotyping and discrimination cease to exist. But it is from my own personal experience that I have found this is in fact, not the case, and that harassment in the workplace is a very real issue. Primarily, I am researching the way media portrays gender-biases in the workplace, and why they are relevant. Additionally, I am looking at which occupations might lead to higher levels of emotional stress related to gender inequality for women, and to what historical events or patterns may have manifested these inequa lities. My goal is to provide specific examples of sexism towards women in the workplace, and I will be demonstrating how feminist theorists discuss the topic of inequality at work. Starting out in the working world is always a nerve-wracking point in one’s life. Once hired, you have certain expectations to uphold, expectations on deadlines, work performance, and interpersonal performance. By dealing with the additional burden of harassment in the workforce, one is bound to have a harder time satisfying these expectations.Show MoreRelatedGender Discrimination And The Workplace Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen make towards gender workplace equality but gender workplace discrimination continues to be an impediment to gender equality. For the purpose of research on gender workplace discrimination, I used four journal articles. The first article, Minimizing Workplace Gender and Racial Bias, by author William T. Bielby, discusses stereotyping in the workplace. The article o ffers suggestions on how organizations should review their policy and procedures to minimize bias in the workplace. This articleRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace962 Words   |  4 Pages Gender Discrimination in the Workplace Santisha Fleming Human Resource Management Dr.Juluis Demps –Management 360 Jacksonville University April, 1, 2015â€Æ' American women can vote, hold office, and they can work in a public work environment. They are considered have an equal opportunity when compared to men. What is the true definition of equal employment opportunity? Does this mean that women and men are offered the same opportunities in the workplace? As well treated equally in regardsRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace1165 Words   |  5 PagesGender discrimination in the workplace is a recurring issue in businesses today. Employees are given the right by their employers to be protected from discrimination and inequality in the workplace. In just about every business setting today, men and women work together in the same fields, jobs, and projects. However, it has only been up until (relatively) recently that men and women have been in competition for the same jobs. With the predetermined assumptions of the different roles between bothRead MoreGender Discrimination in the Workplace765 Words   |  4 Pages Gende r discrimination can cover a wide variety of social prejudice. Throughout much of world history, even American history women have been treated as second class citizens. In the United States women have had to fight for rights such as the right to vote, or own land. These are just a few examples of the many injustices that women have had to face. Men have held the position of leadership, and power throughout history when it comes to almost everything. Men would even decide to whom a womenRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace866 Words   |  4 PagesGender Discrimination in the Workplace Many people associate certain occupations with a certain gender, like women with nurses and teachers, and men with lawyers and truck drivers. If those genders and occupations switched, the majority would deem it unethical. Occupations should not be linked with specific genders; whereas, they should be accessible to both genders. In certain occupations, people are treated differently because of their gender and labeled with different stereotypes. There shouldRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace1356 Words   |  6 Pages2.1 Introduction For many decades now it has been said that there has been inequality in the workplace, it has been a major issue in the workplace in terms of women not being allowed to have certain jobs as well as in terms of women not being promoted within the workplace which all contributes to women being paid less than men. According to Ryan and Branscombe (2013), gender discrimination has been defined as the differential treatment members of one group receive compared to another by many socialRead MoreGender Discrimination In The Workplace1867 Words   |  8 PagesDiscrimination in the workplace, specifically gender discrimination is a significant matter, impacting women all over the world. Defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 11, discrimination is ‘Any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of op portunity or treatment in employment or occupation.’. As stated by GillianRead MoreGender Discrimination At The Workplace1749 Words   |  7 PagesMatthew Anders Prof. Bross College Writing November 14, 2014 Gender Discrimination in The Workplace In recent years, the issue of gender equality in the workplace and equal pay has been under serious debate. Although there has been significant improvement since when women were first able to work and equal opportunity laws were created, there is still some room for more improvement. The federal government has made laws over the years such as The Civil Rights act, Equal Pay Act and Family andRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Workplace Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesStereotypical gender norms have had a negative impact on what our society perceives as normal tasks for female accountants. More often than not, male accountants are given more demanding tasks in comparison to their female coworkers who are equally qualified but handed less strenuous tasks. Currently, there seems to be a gap in the ratio of women to men in positions of authority. This can be a variety of reasons, one being social norms of what is expected of women in the workforce. Women are frequentlyRead MoreGen der Discrimination And The Workplace1835 Words   |  8 PagesGender Discrimination There are many things that a potential employee has to worry about when considering taking a position within a company. Things like the amount of pay they need, the benefits that will be offered to them, the values and morals of the company and whether or not those values and morals align with their own, and if they could see themselves growing within this company throughout the years because no one wants to work a dead end job for the rest of their life. However, along with

Literary Themes In The Necklace By Guy De Maupassant

Guy de Maupassant writes a short story about an 1884 Parisian couple. In his story, The Necklace, he gives the reader the main character of the beautiful Mrs. Mathilde Loisel who is described to born into the wrong social class. He uses literary elements to strengthen the themes he has set throughout the story. Maupassant gives small themes such as desire, manipulation, and deception that tie into the main motif of pride. It is important for us to understand the time period that Maupassant is writing about. At this time, the French Revolution had just ended, reconstruction had been going forward and new fashions and societal movements had started becoming prevalent in this new French Era (Drumsta no page). During this time period of the†¦show more content†¦This shows how the theme of desire and the motif of pride intertwine. Mathilde has a desire to go to the event in beautiful clothes, she has too much pride to go in what she would consider rags. To continue, Maupassant gives more details about Mathilde’s character. He uses another theme and portrays Mathilde as a woman of manipulation. The reader can first see this when she tricks her husband into giving her money to buy a new dress, when in fact she knew he was saving up for his own desires. â€Å"She wiped her damp cheeks†¦ she thought for a moment adding things up and thinking† (Maupassant page 8). Maupassant uses this dialog between Mathilde and her husband to further develop the identity of Mrs. Loisel. He also does this to intensify the significance of manipulation as a major theme. The reader can see Mathilde do this twice in the story. Once when she is trying to get a new dress and for the second time when she is requiring jewelry and gems to complement her new apparel. The reader can recognize that Mathilde’s pride and desires are so strong, she begins playing on her husband’s sympathetic emotions. Another connecting theme is deception. Much like manipulation, deception is a crucial part of the characteristics of Mathilde. For example, the first time the reader learns of her deception is at the event. Almost all of the men and women notice her to be a woman of luxury even though the reader isShow MoreRelatedThe Theme of Pride in Guy Maupassants The Necklace Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter in Guy de Maupassant’s short story, â€Å"The Necklace†. Set in Paris in the late 1800s, Maupassant’s story shows the costs of pride. The main character, Madame Loisel, borrows a diamond necklace from her rich friend, Madame Forestier, to wear at a ball hosted by the Minister of Public Instruction at the Palace of the Ministry. To her dismay, Madame Loisel loses the necklace, and she and her husband spend the next ten years paying back the loans they had to take out to replace the necklace, only toRead MoreLiteray Analysis of The Necklace1155 Words   |  5 Pa geshumans nature of greed. Guy De Maupassant, the author of The Necklace, perfectly shows how greed can lead to bad outcomes in the short story. Guy De Maupassant, one of the fathers of the short story, was born on August 5th 1850. A quote representing the legacy of Maupassant French writer of short stories an novels of the naturalists school who is by general agreement the greatest french short story writers(Bennet). In his short story, The Necklace, Maupassant focuses mostly on greed.Read MoreThe Necklace by Guy de Maupassant1034 Words   |  5 Pagesregret which Guy de Maupassant depicts throughout â€Å"The Necklace.† Guy de Maupassant, a French writer, born in 1850, was considered one of France’s greatest short-story writers. His writings were mostly influenced by the divorce of his parents when he was thirteen years old and by great writers such as Shakespeare, Schopenhauer, and Flauber. His parent’s divorce caused his stories to depict unhappine ss of matrimony, deceit, miscommunication, and a profound misunderstanding (Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893)Read MoreTheme of Reality vs. Appearances in â€Å"the Necklace†1617 Words   |  7 PagesTheme of Reality vs. Appearances in â€Å"The Necklace† Henri Rene Albert Guy de Maupassant was born on August 5, 1850 in the chateau de Miromesnil near Dieppe, Normandy. He lived in Fecamp, France until age twelve (when his parents separated) then moved with his mother to a villa in Etretat, France. Home-schooled, except for a brief stay at a boarding school when he was thirteen, Maupassant ran free for most of his school years. Maupassant attended university in Paris, where he began to study lawRead MoreA Wasteful Fashion in The Necklace by Guy de Maupassant1149 Words   |  5 Pageslife used to pay back a debt that was worth ten thousand dollars. Was it worth it? Guy de Maupassant was a popular French writer who is known as one of the fathers of modern short stories. Many of Maupassant’s stories are set during the Franco-Prussian War of the 1870’s. Maupassant ended up writing about three hundred short stories, six novels, three travel books, and one volume of verse. In his short story, ‘The Necklace’, th e main character, Mathilde Loisel, feels as if she should have been born richRead MoreShort Stories Of The Nineteenth Century1266 Words   |  6 Pageswith Guy de Maupassant who is a master of irony, plot twists and satire. He is still considered to be one of the greatest short-story writers of all time and a champion of the realist approach to writing. Maupassant was born in Normandy, near Dieppe, on 5th August, 1850, to well-off parents who, however, didn’t get along well and eventually separated in 1863. The separation of his parents caused Maupassant to receive two very different kinds of upbringings. His debauched father, Gustave de MaupassantRead MoreAnalysis Of Guy De Maupassant s `` The Necklace ``980 Words   |  4 PagesGuy De Maupassant s, The Necklace, is a short story about Mathilde Loisel, a middle-class wife, who is dissatisfied with her life and believes that she was meant to live as an upper-class woman. When invited to her husband s ball, she manipulates h er way into getting a new dress and borrows her friend s diamond necklace. After the ball, she discovers the necklace is gone. Both Malthilde and her husband delay returning the lost necklace, and secretly buy a replica. They both struggle ten yearsRead MoreSummary Of The Necklace By Guy De Maupassant1184 Words   |  5 Pages Arminder Sehmbi Ms. Lee ENG-4UO July 9, 2016 The Greed shown in â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant A famous person that goes by the name of Erich Fromm once said that greed is a â€Å"bottomless pit which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy the need without ever reaching satisfaction.† (www.brainyquote.com). But then again what actually is â€Å"greed†? Well according to Oxfords Dictionary â€Å"greed† is an Intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth, power, or food: (Oxford)Read MoreExposition of Plot in Maupassants The Necklace1354 Words   |  6 Pagesdisparate, and contradictory elements,† according to Guy de Maupassant. â€Å"It is brutal, inconsequential, and disconnected, full of inexplicable, illogical catastrophes† (â€Å"The Writer’s Goal 897). Utterly to the point with his words, Guy de Maupassant’s fame as a writer stemmed from his â€Å"direct and simple way† of telling readers what he observed (Chopin 861). His short story, â€Å"The Necklace,† is no exception.  "The Necklace† is evidence of the literary realism that dominated literature during the 19thRead MoreStructural and Textural Irony Essay999 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary elements such as metaphors, similes, alliteration, the use of personification, and the use of irony are primary tools and building blocks for great literature. With the incorporation of literary elements, an insignificant story of occurrences can be transformed into a literary work of art presenting depth and purpose to its audience. While many short stories are flooded with a number of various literary elements, Zora Neale Hurstons Sweat, William Sydney Porters The Last Leaf, Guy

Economy of the Ming Dynasty free essay sample

The  economy of the  Ming Dynasty  (1368-1644) of  China  was the largest in the world during that period. It is regarded as one of Chinas three  golden ages  (the other two being the  Han  and  Song  periods). The period was marked by the increasing political influence of the  merch ants, the gradual weakening of  imperial rule, and  technological  advances. Monetary system Despite issuing paper money in the early part of the dynasty, the Ming ended up using silver  as a  means of exchange  in their economy; this is due to the massive inflow of silver into the Ming economy throughout the dynasty. The amount of silver used by the Ming economy was extraordinary,both  coin  and  paper money  were used throughout the Ming dynasty. Manufactures Privatization Another key feature of the Ming manufacturing industry was  privatization. Unlike the Song, in which  state-owned enterprises  played a large role, the Ming reverted to the old laissez faire policies of the Han by privatizing the salt and tea industries. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, powerful groups of wealthy merchants had replaced the state as the dominant movers behind Chinese industry. Emergence of wage labor The Ming government abolished the mandatory forced labor by peasants used in early dynasties and replaced it with wage labor. A new class of wage laborers sprung up where none had existed before. In Jingde alone, it was reported that there were no less than 300 pottery factories, all operated by wage laborers. Agriculture Early encouragement of agriculture under Hongwu Historians consider the Hongwu emperor to be a cruel but able ruler. From the start of his rule, he took great care to distribute land to small farmers. It seems to have been his policy to favor the poor, whom he tried to help to support themselves and their families. In order to recover from rule of the Mongols and the wars that followed them, the  Hongwu Emperor  enacted pro-agricultural policies. The state invested extensively in agricultural canals, reduced taxes on agriculture to 1/30 of the output, and later to 1. 5% of agricultural output. Ming farmers also introduced many innovations such as water-powered plows, and new agricultural methods such as crop rotation. This led to a massive agricultural surplus that became the basis of a market economy. The Hong Wu emperor paid special attention to the irrigation of farms all over the empire, and in 1394 a number of students from Kuo-tzu-chien were sent to all of the provinces to help develop irrigation systems. It is recorded that 40,987 ponds and dikes were dug. Emergence of commercial plantations The Ming saw the rise of commercial plantations who produced crops suitable to their regions. Tea, fruits, paint and other goods were produced on a massive scale by these agricultural plantations. Regional patterns of production established during this period continued into the Qing dynasty. The  Columbian exchange  brought crops such as  corn  with these foreign crops. During the Ming, specialized areas also popped up planting large numbers of cash crops that could be sold at markets. Large numbers of peasants abandoned the land to become artisans. The population of the Ming boomed; estimates for the population of the Ming range from 160 to 200 million. Rural markets during the Ming Ming agriculture was much changed from the earlier areas; firstly, gigantic areas, devoting and specializing in cash crops, sprung up to demand from the new market economy. Secondly, agricultural tools and carts, some water-powered, help to create a gigantic agricultural surplus which formed the basis of the rural economy. Besides rice, other crops were grown on a large scale. Although images of autarkic farmers who had no connection to the rest of China may have some merit for the earlier Han and Tang dynasties, this was certainly not the case for the Ming dynasty. During the Ming dynasty, the increase in population and the decrease in quality land made it necessary that farmers make a living off cash crops. Many of these markets appeared in the rural countryside, where goods were exchanged and bartered A second type of market that developed in China was the urban-rural type, in which rural goods were sold to urban dwellers. This was particular the case when landlords decided to reside in the cities, and use income coming from rural land holding to facilitate exchange in the cities. Another way this type of market was used was professional merchants who bought rural goods in large quantities. The third type of market was the national market which was developed during the Song dynasty but particularly enhanced during the Ming. This market involved not only the exchange described above, but also products produced directly for the market. Unlike earlier dynasties, many Ming peasants were no longer producing only products they needed; many of them produced products for the market, which then they sold at a profit Trade and investment In the early Ming, after the devastation of the war which expelled the Mongols, the  Hongwu Emperor  imposed severe restrictions on trade. Believing that agriculture was the basis of the economy, Hongwu favoured that industry over all else, including that of merchants. However, after his death, most of his policies were reversed by his successors. By the late Ming, the state was losing power to the very merchants which Hongwu had wanted to restrict. The Ming dynasty also engaged in a thriving trade with both Europe and Japan. The amount of silver flowing into the Ming dynasty was estimated by Joseph Needham at 300 million taels, which is equivalent to more than 190 billion dollars in todays money. In addition to silver, the Ming also imported many European firearms, in order to ensure the modernity of their weapons. Trade and commerce thrived in this liberalized economy, and was aided by the construction of  canals,  roads, and  bridges  by the Ming government. The Ming saw the rise of several merchant clans such as the Huai and Jin clans, who disposed of large amounts of wealth. The  gentry  and merchant classes started to fuse, and the merchants gained power at the expense of the state. Some merchants were reputed to have a treasure of 30 million taels. ]Overseas Trade The Ming engaged in much overseas trade. A respected sinologist, Joseph Needham believed that the amount of silver flowing into Ming China through trade amounted upwards to 300 million taels of silver. To put this into perspective, the Ming governments entire annual revenues were only 27 million taels, and the Ming had 31% of the worlds GDP. Initially, the Ming engaged in state-sanctioned overseas trade. This was best exemplified by the expeditions of  Zheng He, the eunuch admiral, who visited India, East Africa, and Indonesia seven times in massive fleets. However, like many other industries, the trade gave way to the merchants. By the 15th Century, the Ming had abolished the restriction on private overseas trade and Ming merchants prospered. Taxation Ming taxation was light. Taxes on agriculture were only 1/30 of agricultural produce, and were later reduced to 1/50 of produce. Taxes on commerce amounted to 1/30 of commerce also, but was later reduced to 1. 5%. These low taxes spurred trade, but severely weakened the state. With the coming of the  Little Ice Age  in the 17th century, the states low revenues and its inability to raise taxes caused massive deficits, and large numbers of Ming roops defected or rebelled because they had not been paid. Weakening of the state During the Ming, the controls imposed on the economy were gradually relaxed. State monopolies  on  salt  and iron ended as these and other industries were privatized. Taxes were reduced from the high levels under the Mongol  Yuan, and the Ming had one of the lowest tax rates (per person) in the world. The entire foreign trade, which was estimated at up to 300 million taels, provided the Ming with a tax of only about 40,000 taels a year. When the  Wanli Emperor  sought to increase the salt tax, his measures were opposed by violence and the eunuchs he send to collect the tax were beheaded by local officials. Sprouts of capitalism Investment and capital moved off the land and were poured into ventures. Continuing the trend from the Song, Ming investors poured large amounts of capital into ventures and reaped high profits. Many Chinese scholars believe the Ming was the dynasty in which the sprouts of capitalism emerged in China, only to be suppressed by the Qing.